Tree

Lemon Tree

Citrus × limon · Rutaceae

Lemon trees have fragrant flowers, glossy leaves and fruit that ripens over months. Outside warm zones, dwarf lemons grow well in pots that move indoors for winter.

TypeTree
Life cycleTree
SunFull sun
WaterMedium
USDA zones9 to 11
Size10 to 20 feet tall in the ground; much smaller in pots
PetsToxic
EdibleYes

Facts checked 26 Oct 2026 against the sources at the end of this page.

Ripe lemons and white lemon flowers on a lemon tree branch
Photo: webentwicklerin, Pixabay Content License, via Pixabay. All credits.

Lemon Tree at a glance

Botanical nameCitrus × limon
FamilyRutaceae
Other nameslemon, Citrus limon
Plant typeTree; evergreen fruit tree
Size10 to 20 feet tall in the ground; much smaller in pots
LightFull sun (6 or more hours of direct sun)
WaterWater deeply when the top few inches of soil dry; never let pots sit in water.
SoilWell-drained soil or a fast-draining potting mix.
USDA hardiness zonesOutdoors in zones 9 to 11; elsewhere grow in a pot and bring it indoors before frost.
USDA PLANTS symbolCILI5

When to plant lemon tree

Plant or move outdoors in spring after the last frost.

Start indoorsNot needed; sow or plant outside
Sow or plant outside1 to 4 weeks after last frost

Turn these into real dates for your area with the planting calendar.

How to grow lemon tree

  1. Give it full sun, outdoors or in the brightest window.
  2. Use a large pot with drainage holes in cold zones.
  3. Water deeply, then let the top of the soil dry.
  4. Feed with a citrus fertilizer during the growing season.
  5. Bring pots indoors before frost to a bright, cool room.

Water and soil

Water: Water deeply when the top few inches of soil dry; never let pots sit in water.

Soil: Well-drained soil or a fast-draining potting mix.

Light: Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun).

Common problems

Leaf drop indoors
Common after moving inside. Give the brightest light possible and steady watering.
Scale insects
Small bumps on stems and leaves with sticky residue. Wipe them off or ask your extension office.

Is lemon tree safe for cats and dogs?

Cats (ASPCA)
Toxic
Dogs (ASPCA)
Toxic

The ASPCA lists Lemon (Citrus limonia) as toxic to cats and toxic to dogs. Signs it lists include: vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential dermatitis. ASPCA entry.

NC State Extension rates its poison severity for people and animals as low.

If a pet chews a plant and you are worried, call your vet or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888-426-4435; a fee may apply). For people, call Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222. In an emergency, call 911.

Can you eat lemon tree?

The fruit is edible. The ASPCA notes skins and plant parts can upset pets.

Lemon Tree questions

Can a lemon tree grow indoors?

Yes, dwarf lemons can live in pots indoors in a very bright window, ideally spending summer outside.

Are lemon trees toxic to pets?

The ASPCA lists lemon as toxic to cats and dogs; the essential oils and psoralens in the plant can cause vomiting, diarrhea and skin irritation.

How long do lemons take to ripen?

Several months from flower to ripe fruit; lemons ripen slowly and can hang on the tree for a long time.

Sources

Written in our own words from the sources above. See our editorial policy. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.

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